ABSTRACT
Objective: To estimate the infection of ticks to Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Babesia, Theileria, and Brucellaceae using molecular methods in borderline of Iran, Azerbaijan, and Armenia. Methods: Totally, 2 022 ticks were collected from different livestock. Then, species were diagnosed under stereomicroscope according to valid morphological keys. Tick DNA was extracted followed by PCR to detect Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Theileria, Babesia and Brucellaceae infection in ticks. Results: A total of 498 males [24.62% (95% CI 22.76%-26.57%)], 741 females [36.64% (95% CI 34.54%-38.79%)], 782 nymphs [38.67% (95% CI 36.55%-40.84%)] and 1 larva [0.04% (95% CI 0.00%-0.28%)] were identified. Among identified samples, we found four genera including Hyalomma, Rhipicephalus, Haemaphysalis, and Dermacentor. Molecular assay revealed that the prevalence of ticks to Anaplasma or Ehrlichia, and Brucellaceae was 22.02% (95% CI 16.01%-29.06%) and 15.03% (95% CI 9.43%-22.26%), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the identified Anaplasma sp. had the most similarity with Anaplasma centrale, Anaplasma platys, Anaplasma camelii, and Anaplasma phagocytophilum, submitted in GenBank. Furthermore, the detected Ehrlichia sp. and Brucellaceae bacterium had the most similarity with Ehrlichia ruminantium and Mycoplana peli, respectively. However, no sign of the presence of Theileria and Babesia spp. was seen in the studied samples. Conclusions: Anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis and brucellosis should be considered as important health threats in northwestern Iran and consistent monitoring on infection of ticks and livestock should be performed regularly.
ABSTRACT
We were studied on differentiation potential of CD133[+] and CD34[+] hematopoietic stem cells into motor neuron like cells
Materials and methods: CD133[+] and CD34[+] HSCs were isolated from human UCB using MACS system. After cell characterization using flow cytometry, the cells were treated with a combination of Retinoic acid, Sonic hedgehog, Brain derived neurotrophic factor, and B27 through a 2- step procedure for two weeks. The expression of MN-specific markers was examined using immunocytochemistry and flow cytometery
Results: Flow cytometery analysis revealed 98 percent and 95.7 percent CD133[+] and CD34[+] cells, respectively. By the end of the two-week differentiation protocol, CD133[+] and CD34[+] cells acquired unipolar MNL morphology with thin and long neurites. The expression of Isl-1, AChE, NF-H and Nestin was detected in 66.4 percent, 58.3 percent, 80.6 percentand 84.9 percent of CD133[+] cells and 63.2 percent, 52.3 percent, 78.6 percent and 80.1 percent of CD34[+] cells
Conclusion: Human UCB - CD133[+] and CD34+HSCs are remarkably potent cell candidates to trans- differentiate into motor neuron-like cells, in vitro
ABSTRACT
Background: To restore the lost cells of patients diagnosed with Muscular Degenerative diseases, stem cell therapy has recently proved to be an effective strategy. Chorion is an ethically approved reservoir which contains mesenchymal stem cells with self- renewal properties and multilineage differentiation capacity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the myogenic differentiation potential of human chorion-derived mesenchymal stem cells [C-MSCs] for the first time
Materials and methods: Chorion was digested by using 0.3 percent Collagenase type II. Cells were characterized by using flowcytometry and differentiated into osteoblast and adipoblast lineages. To induce myogenic differentiation, C-MSCs were cultured in DMEM/F12 and 2 percent FBS supplemented with 10 micrometer of 5-azacytidine overnight. Afterwards, the medium was replaced with DMEM/F12 supplemented with 10 percent FBS for two weeks. Real-time PCR and immunocytochemistry were used to evaluate the expression of myogenic markers
Results: The expression of CD90, CD73 and CD44 antigen and their ability to differentiation into osteoblast and adipoblast lineages were confirmed. Although the expression of CTNT and MYH6 reduced second week, Real-time PCR results revealed significant upregulation of Desmin, MYH6 and Cardiac TroponinT at the end of the first week [P<0.05]. Slight upregulation of MYOD and GATA-4 transcripts at first and second week were observed. ICC staining approved the expression of Desmin, cTnT and ?-MHC
Conclusion: The results showed that C-MSCs were potent to differentiate into myoblast
ABSTRACT
CD133[+] umbilical cord blood cells were identified as a hematopoietic stem cell which has the capacity for extensive self-renewal and differentiation. The aim of this study was to identify the effect of staurosporine [STS], a well-known protein kinase inhibitor on differentiation of CD133[+] cells into neural cells. CD133[+] cells were enriched by immunomagnetic beads from human mononuclear cells of umbilical cord blood and the purity of higher than 94% was achieved by flowcytometry. Induction of differentiation was performed by addition of STS [12.5, 25, and 50 nM]. The differentiated cells were evaluated by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR for neuron-specific proteins and transcripts. STS-treated CD133[+] cells expressed mRNA transcripts for neuron-specific neurofilament protein [NFM], and several basic helix-loop-helix [bHLH] transcription factors important for early neurogenesis, including Otx2, Wnt1, and Hash1. The structural proteins characteristics of neurons including beta-tubulinlll and Microtubule-Associated Protein-2 [MAP-2], were shown by immunocytochemistry. STS-treated CD133[+] cells also expressed the astrocyte-specific marker, glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP] by immunofluorescence. The human cord blood-derived CD133[+] hematopoietic stem cells could differentiate into neural cell types of neuron-like cells and astrocytes by STS treatment